General Agriculture One Liner For Competitive exam

● India’s geographical area—32,87,263 km2; only 2·4% of World surface area of 135·79 million sq. km; provides shelter to nearly 16·7% of human & 14% of cattle of World population.

● India is the ‘7th’ largest country in the world.

● India lies entirely in the northern hemisphere.

● India’s mainland extends between latitudes 8°4′ and 37°6′ north; longitudes 68° 7′ and 97°25′ east.

● India’s length—about 3,214 km (North to South) between extreme latitudes; breadth— about 2,933 km (East to West) between extreme longitudes.

● India’s land frontier—about 15,200 km.

● India’s total length of coastline of mainland, Lakshadweep Islands and Andaman & Nicobar Islands—7,516·6 km.

● The Plains of the Ganga & the Indus—about 2,400 km long and 240 to 320 km broad; formed by basins of 3 rivers—Indus, Ganga & Brahmaputra.

● North-Eastern (NE) Region is called ‘7 Sisters’ of India, including the NE-States— Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Tripura, Mizoram and Meghalaya, later on added ‘Sikkim’. (now total 8 States).

● The Peninsular Plateau (marked–off from plains of Ganga and Indus) by a mass of mountain and hill ranges–460 to 1220 metres in height, represents Aravalli, Vindhya, Satpura, Maikala and Ajanta.

● Desertic area is in two parts–large & small; wherein large deserts–spreading from Rann of Kuchch towards north and upto Luni river; and small desert–between Jesalmer and Jodhpur, starting from Luni river upto north waste-lands. Between these two deserts, waste-lands stony soils and storage of lime, are existed.

● Contribution of Agricultural Research in total productivity growth has been as high as 48%.

● ‘Tongya’ means shifting/Jhum/Jhuming cultivation adopted in hilly and tribal areas of Bihar; besides in Myanmar.

● Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries sector contributing in Total GDP was 16·3% (2009-10).

● India has the largest cattle population in the world; viz. 57% of total buffalo and about 16% of cows-bullocks of the world. As per 18th Indian Livestock Census (2007) total livestock population was 529 million nos, with an annual (compound) growth rate 5·88%.

● India ranks first in respect of buffaloes, second in cattle and goats, third in sheep and fifth in ducks and chickens, tenth in camel population in the world.

● About 19 million people work in livestock sector.

● During 2010-11, milk production in India was 121·8 million tonnes, ranking Ist in world.

● The contribution of livestock and fisheries sectors in total GDP during 2009-10 was 4·1%.

● The per capita per day milk availability in India is 281 g (2010-11), as against 286 g world average and minimum requirement is 211 g/day/capita.

● The per capita per day oil availability is 19 g, as against recommended oil 33 g/day/capita by medical scientists.

● As per National Forest Policy, 1988 for ecological balance, the forests-cover should be on 1/3rd area (i.e. 33%) of the country, which is only on 20·64% i.e., on 6,78,333 sq km area (i.e. 12% dense, 8% open, 0·6% mangrooves) to geographical area presently. India’s forest (percentage)—1·2% in World & contributes 1·7% in GDP.

● Forest covered by density classes are; 38·3% open forest and 61·7% dense forest in India.

● High Yielding Varieties (HYV’s) Programme started in—1966.

● First Agricultural Census in India conducted in—1970 and eighth census in 2003.

● Cattle Insurance Scheme started from—1974.

● 17th Livestock Census in 2003 & 18th Census 2007 were completed.

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