HORTICULTURE
The term Horticulture is derived from the Latin words: “hortus” meaning garden and “cultura” meaning cultivation. Horticulture may be defined as the science and technique of production, processing and merchandizing of fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices, plantations, medicinal and aromatic plants.
Branches of Horticulture The following are the branches of horticulture
Pomology : Cultivation of fruit crops
Olericulture : Cultivation of vegetables
Floriculture : Cultivation of flower crops
Plantation crops : Cultivation of crops like coconut, arecanut, rubber, coffee, tea etc.
Spices crop : Cultivation of crops like, cardamom, pepper, nutmeg etc.
Medicinal and aromatic plants : Cultivation of medicinal and aromatic crops
Post-Harvest : Post-harvest handling, grading, packaging, storage, processing, value addition, marketing etc. of horticulture crops.
Types of fruits
On basis of Temperature
Tropical: Mango, Banana, Papaya, Sapota, Pineapple, Coconut, Cashew, Arecanut, Breadfruit, Jackfruit and Avocado.
Subtropical : Guava, Grape, Citrus, Date palm, Phalsa, Pomegranate, Litchi and Loquat.
Temperate : Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum, Quince, Apricot, Walnut, Almond, Strawberry and Cherry.
- However, this choice is not very rigid as some tropical crops which can be grown in subtropics and vice
versa.
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